What a Torque Setting Is Really Achieving TORQUE
About a tenth of the torque becomes tension. The rest is friction, and the same setting through a dry thread and a waxed one differs by two thirds.
The bolt
The friction, which is the whole calculation
The nut factor is a typical value rather than a specification. It is the single biggest uncertainty here, and a spread of a quarter in it is a spread of a quarter in what is holding the joint together.
What the setting achieves
The same setting, six conditions
The working
Questions people ask about TORQUE